Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Radiation Resistance in DU-145 Prostate Cancer Cells: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide, with advanced and castration-resistant forms posing significant treatment challenges. Among the various factors influencing prostate cancer progression and treatment resistance, radiation resistance represents a critical barrier to effective therapy. DU-145, a cell line derived from a metastatic prostate tumor, serves as a key model for studying radiation resistance in prostate cancer. This narrative review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying radiation resistance in DU-145 cells, including the roles of DNA damage response (DDR), cell cycle regulation, apoptotic evasion, and autophagy. Additionally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming radiation resistance, highlighting the importance of targeting specific pathways and employing combination therapies to enhance treatment efficacy. The review also provides a broader context by discussing the implications of radiation resistance in prostate cancer, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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