Screening for Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Gloriosa superba (L)
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Abstract
Introduction: Comprehending and manipulating biological processes at the nanoscale level is essential for advancing the field of nanomedicine. Silver nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and hold promise as antitumor therapeutic agents. Various types of nanoparticles have demonstrated unique biological activities that can trigger autophagy and facilitate cell death. Additionally, numerous plant extracts have been effectively utilized to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The present investigation evaluated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihemolytic, and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from the tuber extract of Gloriosa superba (L).
Materials and Methods: The silver nanoparticles obtained from G. superba underwent characterization through a range of techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihemolytic, and anticancer potential against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) of the synthesized nanoparticles were tested using Kirby-Bauer method, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, serial dilution method, and cytotoxicity assay, respectively.
Results: The findings revealed that silver nanoparticles produced from the tuber extract of G. superba exhibited antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antihemolytic properties. Additionally, these nanoparticles demonstrated their ability to scavenge DPPH radicals, resulting in reduced viability of cytotoxic cells as the concentration of nanoparticles increased. Importantly, MCF-7, the human breast cancer cell line with estrogen, progesterone, and glucocorticoid receptors exhibited greater cytotoxic effects when treated with silver nanoparticles, compared to conventional drugs.
Conclusion: More extensive research is needed to explore the bioactive compounds in G. superba and elucidate the molecular mechanisms that contribute to its effects, which is essential for its safe and effective use in medicine.
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References
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